Federalism and it’s Practices in Different Country

-
Federalism and it’s Practices in Different Country


Federalism has been adopted by a lot of countries in different continents in the past centuries and it is still prevalent. A continent wise Federalism countries list can be given as follows.

Countries
Asian : India, Iraq, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, United Arab Emirates
European : Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Germany, Russia, Switzerland
African : Ethiopia, NA, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan
North American : Canada, Mexico, United States of America
South American : Argentina, Brazil, NA, Venezuel

Here are some description about the federal system in the world. 
The United States
The United States is probably the most well-known of the examples of Federalism. There are multiple federalist systems in place within the United States. Each state has individual sections, such as counties, which are governed by a state government made up of multiple branches. Each state is ultimately governed by a federal government made up of three branches. Two of the branches, the legislative and the executive, are elected positions.
The ability of the federalism philosophy was most rigorously tested in the United States during the Civil War. It was during this time that many of the southern states chose to secede from the national government. However, the national government headed by President Abraham Lincoln did not recognize their power to do so and thus they never officially seceded from the United States.

Canada

In Canada, the powers of the government are divided between the ten individual provincial governments and the federal parliament. Legislative powers were specifically granted by the Constitution Act of 1867. The federal government in Canada is limited in part by the powers that were specifically given, in this act, to the provincial governments.

Short details about federalism throughout the world

·         Argentina - It has 23 provinces and Buenos Aires is an autonomous city.
·         Australia - In 1901, Australia became the Federation of Australia which established the Commonwealth of Australia. The seven individual states were still colonies of the UK until 1986 when Australia and the UK passed the Australia Acts.
·         Austria - It has nine states and is a semi-presidential, parliamentary representative democracy.
·         Brazil - There are 26 states in Brazil with one federal district. The monarchy fell in 1889 and Federalism was established in 1891. 
·         Canada - Established in 1867, its government is considered Federalism because of the division of powers between the federal parliament and the provinces.
·         Ethiopia - There are nine regions and two cities that are chartered. It became the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia in 1994.
·         Germany - There are 16 states in Germany. In 1949 the Federal Republic of Germany was formed and Germany was reunified in 1990.
·         India - There are 28 states and seven union territories in India. The Constitution of India established the Republic of India as a federal union in 1950.
·         Mexico - It has 31 states and one federal district.
·         Nepal - There are 13 zones in Nepal. In 2008, it became a federal multiparty representative democratic republic.
·         Nigeria - It declared itself a federal republic in 1963 and has 36 states and one federal territory.
·         Pakistan - It has 4 provinces, two territories and two autonomous areas.
·         Sudan - In 1993, twenty-six states were created which made Sudan a federal republic. 

·         Venezuela - It has 23 states, one federal dependency and one capital district.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Approaches in Community Development

-
Approaches in Community Development  Although our definition of community work includes a variety wide of purpose  and programs, they are implemented through only two basic approaches. Directive Approach   - The directive approach is more common. - Directive approach  itself decides  - The decision of directive approach makes decision of which is for the betterment of people itself. - The agencies will then provide whatever staff equipment, premises and programs are needed to           meet the needs and interest of people. - It wish to help themselves whenever some activities are provided. - It is the essence of this approach that the agency and it's worker think, decide, pan, organize,              administer and provide for people."Always the initiative and the final say, remain them." - Many of those who are attracted to these kind of program they may not only recent but even welcome directive advice and guidance from someone who have learne
Read more

Social Work as an independent discipline

-
Social Work is an independent social science: As an independent science it has its own different kind of social field, frontier, history, philosophy, knowledge, principles, code of ethics, values, systems, tools, techniques, and methods. And it’s not a branch of any other sciences. The subject matter of this discipline is concerned with interaction between people and their environment which affects the ability of people to accomplish their life tasks, alleviate distress, and realize their aspirations and values. As a social science, it has scientific methods to deal with social problem related to individual, family, group and community. The Social Work has its’ own characteristics and due to its distinct characteristics, the Social Work known as independent discipline. The major characteristics are mentioned below with the ideas of Farkey O. William. A)     Focus in on the wholeness and totality of the person; (Need to understand about person and his/her surrounding environme
Read more

Research design and it's types

-
Research design: The researcher makes a plan of his/her study before undertaking the research work. This will enable to save time and resources. Such a plan of study is called a research design (strategy). Thus, a research design is a plan for the collection and analysis of data. It presents a series of guide posts to enable the researcher to progress in the right direction in order to achieve the goal. The design may be a specific presentation of the various steps in the research process. These steps include the selection of a research problem, presentation of the problem, formulation of hypothesis, conceptual clarity, methodology, survey of literature and documentation, bibliography, data collection, testing of the hypothesis, interpretation, presentation and report writing. Generally, a common research design possesses the five basic elements they are; i) selection of problem, ii) methodology ,iii) data gathering , iv) data analysis and v) report writing. The research design ask
Read more